BONE CANCER and types of Bone Cancer

BONE CANCER is one of the uncommon cancer of all other types of cancers. Bone cancer generally affects the normal tissue of the bones and affects the working of bones. Bone cancer can be primary or secondary. Primary bone cancer begins within the bone whereas secondary bone cancer begins in other parts of the body and spread to nearby bones and affects them. Bone cancer may be malignant(fatal) or non-malignant. This mainly occurs in the long bones of the body particularly in arm bones and leg bones. The most common symptom of bone cancer if pain in joints.

There are various types of bone cancers that are as follows :-

1. Osteosarcoma :- Osteosarcoma is is the most common bone cancer that mainly affects the age group of 5 to 20 years. It arises from a bone tissue named osteoid. It mainly occurs in long bones such as thigh bone and arm bone. It is the third most common cancer that develops in children after  brain tumors and leukemia.

2. Chondrosarcoma :- This type of bone cancer mainly develops in adults of age group of 40 to 50 years. It mainly occurs in the cartilage tissue of bones. These mainly occurs in upper arms of body, shoulder, upper leg and between the hip bones known as pelvis.

3. Ewing sarcoma :- This type of bone cancer mainly occur in main bone area and also it can occur in the soft parts and tissues of body such as fibrous, muscle, fat tissues, blood vessels and other supporting tissues. This occurs in the young age group of 10 to 20 years of age. It mainly develops in backbone and pelvis.

4. Spindle cell sarcoma :- This type of bone cancer is likely to osteosarcoma which occurs in adult age group of age more that 40 years of age. It occurs in thigh bones and arm bones similar to osteosarcoma.




REFERENCES :-
National Cancer Institute
NHS Choices
US Mediline Plus

LUNG CANCER : MOST DEADLIEST CANCER AND ITS TYPES

There are more than 200 cancers that can affect a human. There are cancers which are not fatal also fatal one are there. The most fatal and deadliest cancer of all cancer is "LUNG CANCER". It has engulfed 160,000 lives alone in United States America which is far more than combining the deaths caused by colon, breast, pancreas and prostate cancer.

These facts are shocking  and the death rate due lung cancer is increasing day by day. There are various type of lung cancers and before the treatment of lung cancer it is necessary and foremost task to determine the type of lung cancer.

There are mainly four types of lung cancers that decide the further set of treatment that is to be used while treating lung cancer.

Various types of lung cancer are as follows :-

1. Small cell lung cancer :- Small cell lung cancer is caused by the smoking, exposure to asbestos and radon. It accounts for about 20% of total lung cancers. This affects the inner parts of lungs and it is further of two types namely limited and extensive. Limited has an access to only one side of lung and extensive affects both sides of lungs. Most of the cases are extensive and there is very less chance of surgery in this type of cancer though radiation therapy and chemotherapy gave better results. In spite of this the survival rate is pretty much low as about less than 20%.

2. Large cell lung cancer :- Large cell lung cancer is found in 10 % of the victims having lung cancer and it is called so because of its large round shape of its cells when seen under microscope. It affects the outer side of the lungs. Its prediction can be done by the signs of prolonged cough and blood coming out with the cough.

3. Squamous cell lung cancer :- This type of lung cancer constitute about 30% of total lung cancer and it affects the inner parts of lungs and its common symptoms are cough from a long time blood while coughing and breathing problem. Incident of squamous cell lung cancer is decreasing after the coming up of filtered cigarettes.

4. Adenocarcinoma lung cancer :- This type of lung cancer is associated with non smokers and they constitute more than 50% of the cases of lung cancer. It constitute a large group of women. Its symptoms are hard to recognize and mostly recognized at time it is diagnosed. Its symptoms may be shortening of breath, fatigue, prolonged chronic cough and blood coughing.

On basis of these four types of lung cancers, further treatment is recommended by the oncologist.

REFERENCES :-
about.com
American Lung association
American cancer association
Cancer Healer

Major causes of the cancer curse

Now the question arises before us is that the curse of cancer which has engulfed 7.9 million people, what are the causes of this fatal disease? It has been observed and studied by the scientists that causes of cancer are almost same in every part of the world. There are various biological, chemical and environmental factors which are responsible for mutations in the cells which led to the uncontrolled division of cells forming a lump of cells known as tumor or on large scale as cancer. It also interacts with the other healthy parts of the body and also starts corroding them through blood stream. The causes of cancer are both internal and external. Internal causes such as inherited mutations, hormones and immune conditions. External causes include dietary habits, living conditions, alcohol, tobacco, radiation and various environmental factors, viruses, bacteria. Causes of cancer are not so big but small small things if not taken care can lead to formation of cancerous cells and these causes are as follows :-

1. Dietary habits:- It has been surveyed that one of the major cause of cancer is the improper and unbalanced diet. It has been observed that the person taking diet rich in trans fats and red meat are at the higher risk of cancer. In western countries cancer is prevailing at faster rate as they take diet rich in non-vegetarian products. In the countries like India, vegetarianism is followed on large scale thus here the cases of breast cancer and esophageal cancer is less. A relation has been observed between the meat eaters and colorectal cancer or colon cancer or bowel cancer. It has been estimated that about 1.23 million colon cancer cases are diagnosed worldwide and out of which 608,000 has lost their lives due to this. It has been advised to keep your diet balanced and to take diet rich in vegetables and fruits.

2. Alcohol:- Consumption of alcohol has increased the risk of cancer to an great extent. It has been observed that alcohol intake is the one of the major cause of colorectal cancer or colon cancer. About 9.5% colorectal cancer are caused due to intake of alcohol. It has been studied that women who consumes 10 gm of alcohol are at the highest risk of breast cancer than those who does not consume alcohol.

3. Tobacco:- Consumption of tobacco in any form like smoking, chewing and direct intake is responsible for  causing maximum number of  cancer cases. About 51% of cancers worldwide are caused by the intake of tobacco in different forms. Tobacco is major cause for cancer of oral cavity, lungs, esophagus, larynx, pharynx and urinary bladder. Tobacco contains about 70 cancer causing substances which spread in your body through lungs when you smoke. These chemicals affect the DNA and change the genes which lead to multiplication of cells in abnormal way.

4. Radiation:- About 10% of cancers are caused due to the radiation. The effect of radiation is same in developed as well as developing countries. Prolonged exposure to sunlight can affect your skin and can mutate the skin genes as sunlight contains UV or we can say ultra violet rays and can lead to skin cancer. Other radiations like magnetic and radioactive radiations can also affect our body and led to cancerous affect in body.

5. Environmental pollutants:-  It is estimated that 90% of cancers are owed to the environmental pollutants and parasites. Various viruses and bacteria are also responsible for the cancer to different parts of the body. Risk of lung cancer increases due to the outdoor pollutants.

6. Obesity and immune system:- Cancer is more prevalent in the body whose immune system is weak due to any early health problem. It has been observed that people who are obese are more prone to cancer.

                                                      All these factors are responsible for prevailing cancer in our society. There can be many other factors also but these are some of the major causes which can lead to the deadly cancer. If we take care of these causes we can save ourselves from this fatal disease to some extent.

REFERENCES :-
American Cancer Society
National Cancer Institute
WebMD
Wikipedia

CANCER : A curse to mankind...

CANCER : The name seems to be deadly now a days as cancer is the reason for maximum number deaths worldwide. According to the data collected by different agencies who are in involved in research work of cancer estimated that in 2007, 13% of deaths(approximately 7.9 million) are caused  by cancer worldwide and these death rates are climbing even more as the mass lifestyle is changing at very fast rate due to changes and developments prevailing in society. What kind of devil is this???

Cancer involves a wide group of diseases in which involves growth of cells in an abnormal fashion. It is also known by its medical name that is malignant neoplasm. Cancer is a situation in which cells divide rapidly and sooner they lost control over their cell multiplication and form a lump of uncontrolled cells that is known as tumor and these tumors can also attack the nearby organs by invading them. Tumors may also invade or enter into far flung body parts through blood stream.

As stated above cancer is a wide group of diseases and it does not grow at once. It does not spread to other parts of the body in early stages but it may spread if cancer is not diagnosed at early stage. There are more than 200 different type of cancer that can affect us. These may include lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, blood cancer, prostate cancer and much more.

Now the question arises that how cancer is caused? The causes of cancer are partially known to us. Its very complex to exactly state the cause of  cancer but there are so much things which are supposed to increase the risk of cancer such as obesity, very less physical activity, chewing of tobacco, prolonged exposure to sunlight, exposure to radiations and environmental pollutants such as emissions from motor vehicles and factories. All these stated factors can increase the risk of cancer by causing cancerous mutations in our genes by manipulating them. Many cancers can be prevented by taking care of small small things like not to smoke, to eat as many as vegetables and fruits, minimizing sun radiation, to exercise daily, taking food full in whole grains, avoiding fried dishes and minimization of meat and non-veg food.

However cancer start taking its place silently but we can take care of ourselves by keeping in mind the symptoms of cancer so that it can be diagnosed at early stage and we can protect ourselves from this dangerous curse. Some general symptoms of cancer can be sudden loss of weight, formation of lump on and inside the body, bleeding from open holes of body, loss of appetite, dizziness, prolonged coughing and any sort of unwanted pain in the body. Cancer can be predicted by these symptoms and after this we must go for whole body screening and medical imaging. In this whole of body is examined and if any sort of cancer is detected it is then diagnosed by carrying out biopsy in which cells of infected tissue are observed under microscope and behavior of these cells can further led to the treatment of cancer.

Cancer is usually treated with the techniques radiation therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. There are a very few patients also which are cured with the help of Ayurveda treatments. We cannot predict the chances of survival for this deadly disease or we can say deadly curse as the chances vary according to the extent of tumor or cancer and also the location of disease.

REFERENCES:
American Cancer Society
Wikipedia
National Cancer Institute
WebMD